Role of Spirituality and Psychological Capital in the Prediction of Occupational Burnout in Nurses in Khorramabad, Iran during 2016

Background and Objectives: Occupational burnout is the symptom of physical, psychological, and emotional fatigue which is caused by long and direct exposure to the work environment and clients. This disorder has a high prevalence among care workers, especially nurses. In this regard, the present study aimed to predict the occupational burnout in nurses based on spirituality and psychological capital in Khorramabad, Iran.
Methods: This descriptive correlational study was performed on 150 nurses employed in hospitals in Khorramabad during 2016 with a work experience of more than five years. The subjects were selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. The required data were collected using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (1981), Spirituality Questionnaire by Parsian and Dunning (2009), and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire by Luthans (2007). Finally, the collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 23) using inferential statistics, including the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.
Results: Based on the results of correlation analysis, psychological capital and spirituality had negative significant relationships with occupational burnout while psychological capital and spirituality had a positive significant relationship. Furthermore, the results of the regression analysis revealed that spirituality and psychological capital could predict occupational burnout in nurses. Besides, it was found that among the components of spirituality, "self-awareness" and the "importance of spiritual beliefs in life", and among components of psychological capital, "hope" and "resilience" had the most significant shares in the prediction of occupational burnout in nurses.
Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that occupational burnout of nurses can be prevented by the improvement of spirituality and psychological capital.
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